Propane C3H8

      Propane is a chemical compound (alkane) that's essential in our daily live because of its many uses, not only inside house but also in different industries as well. Propane is make of three carbon atom and eight hydrogen atom with chemical formula C3H8. Propane is a nontoxic and flammable substances which is an odorless and colorless gas in natural state. Odorant usually is added into propane to make it smell as to detect when there is a leakage for safety as it is a flammable gas.Propane is normally in gaseous state but with the appropriate amount of pressure it can be liquefied for easily transported.

1.1  3D model of a molecule of propane

         Propane is use as main heating source in residential and commercial uses such as heating and cooling homes, heating water, cooking, refrigeration, drying clothes, barbecuing, and lighting.It is safe to use as fuel in home and business because propane has narrow range of flammability and cannot ingested like gasoline or alcohol fuels as it is release as a vapour from a pressurized container.

1.2  Propane is use as fuel in cooking

1.3  Propane stored as liquid state in tank.

        Propane are also use as vehicle fuel and sometimes known as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or propane auto gas.Compared with vehicles fueled by conventional diesel and gasoline, propane vehicles can produce lower amounts of some harmful air pollutants like carbon monoxide and greenhouse gases due to its lower carbon content.

        Propane manufacture involves separation and collection of the gas from its petroleum sources.There are two ways of propane manufacturing which is by separation from natural gas phase of petroleum and by refinement of crude oil.Ste

        1 Both processes begin when underground oil fields are tapped by drilling wells.The mixture in well is transfer to gas trap to separate the stream into crude oil and "wet" gas (natural gasoline, liquefied petroleum gases, and natural gas.

        2 Crude oil is heavier and sinks to the bottom.It is then pumped into an oil storage tank for later refinement.

       3 The "wet" gas comes off the top of the trap is piped to a gasoline absorption plant, where it is cooled and pumped through an absorption oil to remove the natural gasoline and liquefied petroleum gases.The remaining dry gas, about 90% methane, comes off the top of the trap and is piped to towns and cities for distribution by gas utility companies.

       4 The absorbing oil, saturated with hydrocarbons is piped to a still where the hydrocarbons are boiled off.This petroleum mixture is known as "wild gasoline".The clean absorbing oil is then returned to the absober where it repeats the process.

      5 The "wild gasoline" is pumped to stabilizer towers, where the natural liquid gasoline is removed from the bottom and a mixture of liquefied petroleum gases is drawn off the top.

      6 The mixture of LP gases, which is about 10% of total gas mixture, can be used as a mixture of further separated into its three parts-butane, isobutane, and propane (about 5% of the total gas mixture).

1.4  Propane manufacturing factory

1.5  Interesting experiment using propane